The Symphony-Concerto for Cello and Orchestra in e-minor, op. 125 was written by S. Prokofiev in 1950–1952. It is itself a revised version of his earlier Cello Concerto, op. 58, written in 1933–1938 and premiered in Moscow, on November 26, 1938 by L. Berezovsky and the orchestra, with A. Melik-Pashaev conducting.
All work on the creation of a Symphony-Concerto took place in close cooperation with a Soviet and Russian cellist Mstislav Rostropovich. Prokofiev dedicated it to Mstislav Rostropovich, who premiered it with the Moscow Youth Orchestra on February 18, 1952 with Sviatoslav Richter conducting.
After this first perfomance (under the title “Cello Concerto No.2”) it was revised and given its current title. The Symphony-Concerto finally premiered on December 9, 1954 by M. Rostropovich and the Danish National Symphony Orchestra, with Thomas Jensen conducting.
The score and the arrangement for cello and piano of the Symphony-Concerto were published in Muzgiz, in 1959.