Ukraine has an important and intensive program of cooperation with NATO under the Partnership for Peace (PfP) Program. Apart from Russia, it is the only participant in this program that has a separate treaty with NATO defining their cooperation. This agreement has expanded steadily since 1994, when Ukraine became the first CIS country to join the PfP. The relationship offers mutual benefits: NATO promotes Ukrainian defense reforms and Ukraine makes a significant contribution to NATO peacekeeping activities. The country is a potential contributor to regional peacekeeping under the EU's European Security and Defense Policy. It could also give greater substance to the peacekeeping agenda within the other GUUAM states (Georgia, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, and Moldova) as well as countries participating in the joint naval task force Black Sea Force (including Bulgaria, Russia, Romania, and Turkey). This study provides the most detailed and cogent analysis to date of the developments that significantly influence the emerging security order in Eastern Europe.