This book concentrates on the use of biomaterials in nanomedicine. The areas of focus include drug delivery by polymers , lipids and carbohydrates for the delivery of small molecules, RNA interference, and proteins; the use of nano-proteins such as antibodies and peptides as targeting agents for therapeutics and diagnosis; The use of nanocarrier-based biomaterials for manipulation of stem cells; different aspects of toxicity of nanocarriers (the immune response, liver toxicity, and many more); and success stories of biomaterials that have reached the clinics. The book comprises theoretical and experimental analysis of various biomaterials that are used in nanomedicine, research methods and preparation techniques, and several promising applications.