This book focuses on cultural variations and perspectives in infant and early childhood mental health and describes parenting / caregiver-young child relationships across the globe, including countries in Europe, Asia, South America, South Africa, the Middle East, and the United States. It examines infant and early childhood assessment issues, such as infant-parent/caregiver observations that comprise an important component of assessment during the earliest years. In addition, the book presents different clinical interpretations, practices, and treatment approaches in infant mental health (e.g., evidence-based treatments and promising practices). It explores ways to help support and provide clinical interventions and treatment for infants, toddlers, and their families within the home, clinic, and community-based environments.