This report contains the findings from a rapid biological assessment of the Kwamalasamutu region of southwestern Suriname. Focusing on the plant and animal species important to the indigenous Trio people, this survey establishes baseline information on the region's biodiversity and ecosystem health in order to better inform ecotourism and monitoring efforts. The RAP team found the Kwamalasamutu region to harbor rich biodiversity, with few signs of ecosystem degradation, and at least forty-six of the species identified in this volume are new to science. Further conservation and management recommendations are provided.