This book comprises the refereed proceedings of the Workshop on Computation: Theory and Practice (WCTP)–2012, held in Manila, The Philippines, in September 2012. The workshop was organized by the Tokyo Institute of Technology, the Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research–Osaka University, the University of the Philippines Diliman, and De La Salle University–Manila and was devoted to theoretical and practical approaches to computation. The 22 revised full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed. They deal with biologically inspired computational modeling, programming language theory, advanced studies in networking, and empathic computing.