This book is the first academic work in Eastern Orthodox theological literature on the subject of animal suffering and human soteriology. It represents a natural progression of the contemporary Eastern Orthodox academic debate on the environment, and will be of interest not only to academic scholars in theology, religion, philosophy and ethics, but also to the wider Christian and secular communities. Using Biblical and Patristic teachings, together with new social science research and contemporary science, it presents arguments that animal suffering is against God’s Will, and that the abuse or misuse of animals or indifference to animal suffering will result in negative consequences for human salvation. The book posits a revisionist interpretation of the Noahic narrative when addressing the challenging question of why God allows the dispensation of animals as food, and offers compelling arguments on why the contemporary animal food production industries and animal testing model should be rejected.