This Element explores environmental ethics in Islam. Its core argument is that Islamic culture and civilization are rich in environmental concerns; Islam has unique considerations and directions about what sort of human-nature relationship there should be. Muslim environmental commentators have explored basic environmental or eco-ethical principles that are deeply embedded in the Qur'an and Sunnah. Protecting and conserving the environment are not only moral duties but also an obligation in Islam. The Islamic environmental ethical system offers both conceptual paradigms and operational components to realize environmental justice and sustainable development.