India in the seventeenth century was one of the great economic powers of the worlda position it later lost following the British conquest and the European Industrial Revolution. Bringing together four decades of intensive research, this unique collection examines the functioning of the economy within the political framework provided by the Mughal Empire. Shireen Moosvi studies specific issues like state revenues, prices, interest rates and maritime economy, using much new source material. She explores areas that have received little attention in the literature on Mughal historyecology and settlement pattern, vital statistics as well as work and gender. In the introduction, the author discuses issues widely debated among the historians of Mughal India.