This book is a comprehensive review of recent developments in the field of the protection of relevant buildings belonging to the cultural heritage. at the first International Conference PROHITECH 09 (Rome, Italy, June 2009). Including the latest progress in theoretical and experimental research on the seismic protection of existing constructions, the book presents the following topics: Conservation of the Religious Heritage; Rehabilitation of Old Bridges; Old Timber Structures; Cultural Heritage in China, Korea and Japan; Modern Heritage; The use of FRP in Structural Restoration; Passive Control; Rehabilitation of Medinas; Monitoring and Diagnosis; Study Cases; Innovative Materials and Techniques; Numerical Analyses; Traditional Restoration Techniques; Intervention Strategies; Vulnerability to Man-Made Hazards; Vulnerability to Natural Hazards; Experimental Analyses; Reversible Mixed Techniques.