This book provides a guide to the progress made thus far in the transformation of Russian industry from exclusive reliance on state enterprises during the communist era to modern-oriented private sector firms. Further, it outlines the remaining constraints to the full transition of Russia into a modern market economy and how to remove those constraints in the future. The book combines theoretical discussions and real world experiences relating to post-communist Russian industrial development. Case studies of centrally important Russian industries wound out the book's approach. The book is the result of a long-term collaboration between Russian authors and authors based in modern market economies. Hence, it draws upon the expertise of those who have directly experienced Russian industry in transition as well as those who can put that experience within the larger context of the process of transition in a range of former communist countries.