By whatever measures scientists choose for social intelligence, behavioural resilience of wolves illustrates their adaptations to changing aspects of their environments in the wild and captivity. Intriguing questions about wolves have emerged from studies of life history traits in social carnivores, such as large body size, delayed reproduction, and variable dispersal patterns. In this social context, the rapidly accumulating evidence for behavioural flexibility of wolves is reviewed in terms of learning, communication, problem-solving, and awareness. In this book, the authors present research on the biology, behaviour and conservation of wolves.