Donald Trump and the Trump administration radically altered a number of international policies and behaviors of the United States, and changed the position of the United States on many international agreements, including environmental agreements, trade agreements, military agreements, and human rights agreements. This book studies of the effect of those actions, and Trump’s style of behavior, on the standing of the United States in the global community. In eighteen individual case studies the authors examine traditional relationships between their countries and the United States prior to the Trump election, including areas of tension and traditional areas of agreement and cooperation. They address expectations about what the outcome of the 2016 American election would be, and the immediate reaction to the election’s outcome. They explore how responses to American policies varied in their country, and whether any American initiatives were especially controversial. And they explore how the relations between their nation and the United States changed over the Trump years.

The authors reflect on whether anything was permanently lost or gained by the end of the Trump years, and speculate on the lasting consequences of Trump foreign policies and international behavior for America’s standing overseas.

Contributions by: Graham G. Dodds, Patricia Olney, Roberto Goulart Menezes, Daniel C. Hellinger, Philip A. Berry, Alan P. Dobson, Steve Marsh, Holger Stritzel, Charles E. Ziegler, Xuezhi Guo, Kimiko Osawa, Sitakanta Mishra, Eunjung Lim, Derek McDougall, Mitchell T. Bard, Sam Bahour, Abdullah K. Al-Saud, Hesham Alghannam, Pedram Maghsoud-Nia, Ekavi Athanassopolou, Kevin Dunn