This book provides a comprehensive review of the potential of neglected and underutilized crops in the prevention and treatment of various cancers. It explores various aspects of these crops and their bioactive compounds, shedding light on their role in health and nutrition. The initial chapters discuss neglected and underutilized crops, emphasizing their relevance in human disease and cancer management. These chapters also examine the bioavailability and formulation strategies of bioactive compounds derived from these crops. The book further delves into the isolation, availability, and therapeutic uses of these bioactive compounds, emphasizing their significant role in modern medicine. It also reviews the potential of the Indian gooseberry, quinoa, and seabuckthorn in cancer treatment and management. Additionally, the book discusses neglected medicinal plants of the Northwestern Himalayas, showcasing their potential applications in both traditional and modern medicine. It also highlights the importance of sustainable cultivation and conservation efforts to ensure the long-term availability of these crops. This book is of particular interest to scientists, researchers, and academics in fields such as agriculture, biochemistry, nutrition, and medicine.