This book assesses the changes in the opportunities and outcomes for households and communities in Mozambique since 1997 in urban as well as rural areas. Multiple quantitative and qualitative indicators help analyze the main economic developments, their effects on household livelihoods, and systemic responses both from households and from the government in terms of financing of health, education, agricultural extension, and water supply services, support to poor and vulnerable citizens to ensure access to resources to sustain and improve their communities.