This volume presents the arguments and views expressed in CEPS task force meetings on electronic communications that took place between September 2005 and May 2006. Participants included industry stakeholders, distinguished scholars, national regulators, and representatives of the European Commission and the European Parliament. The task force issued policy recommendations to the European Commission for a review of the EU regulatory framework on e-communications scheduled for late 2006. The book includes suggestions on how to promote investment in next-generation networks and promote broadband takeup. It makes recommendations on the transition from ex ante regulation to ex post competition policy. The study concludes with an analysis of the options for adapting the framework to technological convergence and to the changed competitive landscape in the European e-communications sector.