The educational systems of the Nordic countries are based on a common set of fundamental values, such as democracy, social justice and inclusion. However, when it comes to the treatment of diversity, especially in education, many issues remain unresolved. This edited volume presents Icelandic research on the challenges and opportunities of diversity in education at several levels, including preschool, primary, secondary, vocational and higher education in Iceland. The chapters shed light on school experiences of students and parents of immigrant or refugee background and their teachers, and explore attitudes and values of young people with regards to diversity, human rights and multicultural society. This book also addresses the issues of the professional development of teachers and inclusive practices, and will primarily appeal to classroom teachers and academics, teacher education students, social educators, and education policy makers. While set in the Icelandic context, this volume will serve to contribute to current global discussions on diversity and social justice in education.