This introduction presents an anthropological approach to the study of Islam. It focuses on the main tenets of the religion and considers the various aspects of social and cultural life practiced among Muslims. In concentrating on the five pillars of Islam, Jens Kreinath shows ritual practice to be a primary medium through which Muslims can be studied. The volume reflects on the challenge of tradition and what is defined as Islamic, with discussion of 9/11 and Islamic State as well as halal food and the hijab. The complexity and diversity of the religion is explored, with sections on the different interpretations of Islam in practice including sharia, veneration of saints, and dreaming. Both theoretical and methodological aspects are addressed, and each chapter includes rich examples, further reading suggestions and discussion questions to aid student understanding.