This user-friendly text, written in a clear and friendly manner by leading experts in the field, is intended primarily for undergraduate athletic training students. It encourages students to understand both the how and the why of therapeutic modality use so readers become thinking, decision-making professionals. It provides the knowledge needed to evaluate and select the most appropriate modality. All major modalities used to treat orthopedic injury and pain are covered, from electrotherapy to therapeutic heat and cold to therapeutic massage.