The writing of Irish American history has been transformed since the 1960s. This volume demonstrates how scholars from many disciplines are addressing not only issues of emigration, politics and social class but also race, labour, gender, representation, historical memory and return (both literal and symbolic) to Ireland. This scholarship embraces Protestants as well as Catholics, incorporates analysis from geography, sociology and literary criticism and proposes a transnational framework giving attention to both sides of the Atlantic.