The present book contains a collection of works developing new trends in theoretical and practical lexicography devoted to manifold description of lexis. All papers are divided into two main sections: Part I, Systemic and Cross-cultural Relations of Words in the Dictionary, presents analysis of cultural issues and phraseology with special reference to English dictionaries for general- and specific-purposes. The main focus is given to the principles of lexicographic presentation of non-equivalent lexis, idioms, clichés, nominations of non-verbal behaviour and proper names of people in bilingual and monolingual dictionaries. Part II, entitled Specialized Dictionaries: Traditions and Innovations, deals with peculiarities of Author Lexicography, Learners lexicography, LSP dictionaries, dictionaries of English verbs, and varieties of the English language in its synchronic and diachronic aspects. This book is based on plenary presentations of the VIIIth school on Lexicography “Synchronic and Diachronic Lexicography: A New Age of Theory and Practice” (Ivanovo State University, September 10–12, 2009) and continues the series of monographs devoted to theoretical and practical problems of modern and historical lexicography: Essays on Lexicon, Lexicography, Terminography in Russian, American and Other Cultures (2007) and Lexicography and Terminology: A Worldwide Outlook (2009) published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing.