The rapid changes in the economic and political climate of the Balkan and the Black Sea countries demand continuous adjustments in the mixture of the implemented economic policy in the area. Under this framework, there is a special interest to investigate the impact of the global economic reality in these economies, the importance of their integration in the European Union, as well as the foundation of various regional organizations that host many countries of the specific area.Taking into consideration the current developments within the European Union, the economic crisis that strikes the peripheral EU countries and the dispute over the credibility of the euro currency, economists need to enhance the effectiveness of regional development, to underline the value of FDI and entrepreneurship of the countries of the Balkan and the Black Sea, to assist the bank sector in order to support the level of productivity, to control the financial flows with the help of auditing structures and to exploit human recourses in order to achieve economical reforms in these countries.The current volume approaches, among others, the above matters and aspires to contribute to the further investigation of the possibilities and the perspectives of the economies of the region.