The fifth and sixth volumes of the Handbook of Carbon Nano Materials focus on fundamental properties and key applications of graphene. Graphene, the thinnest known material made of a single atom thick sheet of carbon atoms arranged hexagonally, offers great opportunities for application development in nanotechnology. This handbook covers fundamental properties, characterization, chemical manipulation, and applications of graphene. Specific applications cover latest developments in chemical manipulation, thermodynamic characterization, energy conversion and storage, and biosensor development.