Challenging Nobel economics laureate Theodore W. Schultz, Dr Zhou, in this comparative and path-breaking work, presents a new model for private land ownership or possession to overcome inefficient land-holding, increase farm competitiveness, realize food self-sufficiency and eliminate poverty. He aims to consolidate and enlarge fragmented small farms persisting in Asia, the Pacific, Africa, Latin America, and Central, Eastern and Southern Europe; and to help preserve small farmers, while strengthening large farmers, in the USA, OECD and EU. He introduces the means to facilitate the transition of collectively operated large farms in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia; promote EU enlargement; to prevent food overproduction; and to improve the environment. He also analyzes China's experience with public land ownership and makes important contributions to both new institutional economics and evolutionary political economy.