The local basin in the Kalambo River valley above the famous Falls on the boundary between Zambia and Tanzania provides one of the longest and richest records of man's activity so far recovered from a single site in the African continent. Successive human occupation levels and horizons cover the last 60,000 years from the close of the Acheulian Industrial Complex to the present day. The site is unique in that, besides very rich and representative series of cultural finds, wood, other vegetable remains, charcoals, and pollens have been preserved, often in association with undisturbed, prehistoric camping places. The final volume of this major site report, which deals with the Middle and Earlier Stone Age period completes the project, initiated with the publication of Volume I (1969) on the geology, palaeoecology and detailed stratigraphy of the excavations, and Volume II (1974) on the later Prehistoric Cultures.