Renal Failure is frequently seen in patients with co-existing disease and can be difficult to diagnose and treat. The effect on fluid and electrolyte balance is tremendously disruptive and the patient has to be carefully monitored. A sound understanding of the basic mechanisms is essential in order to be able to apply the most appropriate treatment. Using a question and answer format, this text provides the principles of treatment and practice using case histories to explain the rationale and benefits. Both drug treatment and dialysis are fully covered