The first biography of the hustler/junkie/writer who turned the Beats on to the drugs, sex, and postwar counterculture that shaped their writing and radicalized American literature.

American Hipster: The Life of Herbert Huncke, The Times Square Hustler Who Inspired the Beat Movement tells the tale of a New York sex worker and heroin addict whose unrepentant deviance caught the imagination of Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, and William S. Burroughs. Teetering between exhaustion and existential despair, Huncke (rhymes with "junky") often said, "I'm beat, man." His line gave Kerouac the label for a down-at-the-heels generation seeking spiritual sustenance as well as "kicks" in post-war America.

Recognizable portraits of Huncke appear in Junky (1953), Burroughs's acerbic account of his own heroin addiction; "Howl" (1956), the long, sexually explicit poem that launched Ginsberg's career; and On the Road (1957), Kerouac's best-selling novel that immortalized the Beat Generation. But it wasn't just Huncke the character that fascinated these writers: they loved his stories. Kerouac called him a "genius" of a storyteller and "a perfect writer." His famous friends helped Huncke find publishers for his stories.

Biographies of Kerouac and the others pay glancing tribute to Huncke's role in shaping the Beat Movement, yet no one until now has told his entire life story. American Hipster explores Huncke's youthful escapades in Chicago; his complicated alliances with the Beat writers and with sex researcher Alfred Kinsey; and his adventures on the road, at sea, and in prison. It also covers his tumultuous relationship with his partner Louis Cartwright, whose 1994 murder remains unsolved, and his idiosyncratic career as an author and pop-culture icon.

Written by Hilary Holladay, a professor of American literature, the book offers a new way of looking at the whole Beat Movement. It draws on Holladay's interviews with Huncke's friends and associates, including representatives of the literary estates of Kerouac, Ginsberg, Burroughs, and Huncke; her examination of Huncke's unpublished correspondence and journals at Columbia University; and her longtime study of the Beat Movement.

About the Author

Hilary Holladay is a scholar of American literature who lives in Charlottesville, Va., and teaches at James Madison University in nearby Harrisonburg. Her writing focuses on the Beat Movement and modern and contemporary African American literature. A graduate of the University of Virginia, she holds an M.A. from the College of William and Mary and a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She is former director of the Kerouac Center for American Studies at the University of Massachusetts in Lowell, Jack Kerouac's hometown. At UMass Lowell, she was founding director of the Kerouac Conference on Beat Literature, a biennial gathering of Beat Movement scholars from across the country and abroad.