African Americans have long used the military for gaining legitimacy and the ultimate path to citizenship. Blacks in the Military and Beyond thoughtfully chronicles their tumultuous journey from slavery through the present, extending the ourstory to both pre-service, in service and post-service economic considerations as significant factors in determining whether or not serving in the military has indeed advantaged Blacks, and how such mechanisms like the periodic drawing down of forces have impacted Blacks overall. The authors delve into the role of HBCUs that collectively have become the primary source for Black commissioned officers; the military as a conduit in helping to create and sustain the Black middle class; to more controversial topics that question the alignment of the military’s now repealed Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell and Don’t Pursue policy with those of the larger overarching values of the African American community. Ultimately, this book challenges the military to be more strategic as to the long term effects of its decisions, particularly with regard to the downsizing of its forces, to be ever mindful of upholding its moral compact with African Americans.