The Spirit of Japanese Law focuses on the century following the Meiji Constitution, Japan's initial reception of continental European law. While most westerners may view judges as Japanese law's least significant actors, Haley argues that they have the last word because their interpretations of constitution and codes define the authority and powers they and others hold. Based on a "sense of society, " the judiciary confirms bonds of village, family, and firm, and "abuse of rights" and "good faith" similarly affirm community. The Spirit of Japanese Law concludes with constitutional cases that help explain the endurance of community in contemporary Japan.