Medieval Indian history has gained much from recent researches, based on a more extensive and critical use of sources and directed towards the illumination of aspects of political, social, economic and cultural history that had previously been inadequately treated. The papers collected in this volume draw mainly upon work done at Aligarh, the principal seat of Medieval Indian studies today. They aim at exploring new themes without abating the rigour of the `orientalist' tradition. The period covered extends from 1200 to 1750, and the themes touched upon belong to agrarian relations, civil engineering, ruling-class and religion. There is also a translation from and notes on an important document dating to Aurangzeb's reign.