Effective communications in all stages of the project cycle (including identification, preparation, implementation and operation) are critical to the success of complex hydraulic infrastructure projects, involving many stakeholders. Being the largest binational water transfer scheme in the world and because of its phasing, the lessons learned in this case study are multifaceted. The LHWP can serve as a model of mutually beneficial development--through demonstrating the benefits of bilateral government cooperation in the development of an international river that exceed those of individual approaches as well as strengthening political cooperation.