The present book is an up-to-date account of the recent advances in the cellular and molecular changes during diverse ovarian functions in amphibians. The ovarian compartments like developing follicles at different stages of growth, atretic follicles, post-ovulatory follicles, corpora atretica, interstitial cells and stroma have been discussed in relation to their changed cellular and molecular attributes vis-a-vis reproductive phases encompassing environmental stress induced variations in the reproductive success and fecundity. Histochemical, ultrastructural, biochemical and molecular biology of oocyte growth, vitellogenesis, steroidogenesis, oocyte maturation, ovulation, post-ovulatory follicular modulation and their endocrine regulation, have been elaborately explained. It provides comprehensive comparative details of basic and applied aspects of amphibian ovary. This book will be of significance to the scientists and students of reproductive biology, biotechnology, conservation biology and environmental toxicology and system biology. This book is of prime importance for conservation of amphibians.