This book provides a comprehensive review on how radionuclides occur in the environment; how radionuclides are distributed in soil; how the migration of radionuclides in plants occurs; and their consequences on human health. It explains how the speciation of radionuclide interferes in the uptake and accumulation processes in fruits, and includes case studies as well as reviews of modern and state-of-the-art technology related to radioactive material uptake in plants.This volume is a useful reference to researchers in the field of radionuclide contamination in foods and will also be helpful for graduate and undergraduate students specializing in radioactive waste disposal and its toxicity effects in food products and their consequences on humans.