The book addresses all major aspects to be considered for the design and operation of aircrafts within the entire transportation chain. It provides the basic information about the legal environment, which gives the basic requirements for aircraft design and its operation. Also the principles of interactions between the airport, air traffic management and the airliner are described. In addition the work flow of the aircraft manufacturer is described to understand the development chain of an aircraft. The basic principles of aircraft design are presented and linked to the operational and legal conditions. The book is written for graduate students as well as for engineers and practials, who are working in aerospace industry, at airports or in air transportation logistics.