In the evolving world of industrial materials, conventional choices have proved to be insufficient to meet the demands of contemporary applications. With the introduction of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, groundbreaking synthesis approaches are crafting nanocomposites with unprecedented versatility. Sustainable Approach to Nanocomposites and Nanocoatings delves into this research, exploring the bioinspired synthesis of nanocomposites and their multi-dimensional applications across diverse industries. This book addresses the escalating challenges faced by the nano-industry, such as the widening application window requiring additional properties like high modulus, flame retardation, UV resistance, and more. The book champions the development of environmentally friendly nanocomposites, ushering in the next generation of nanomaterials by reinforcing fibers, whiskers, or nano clays. Unique substitutes like ceramic, agricultural waste, and polymer–layered silicate nanocomposites are thoroughly examined for their exceptional physical, chemical, and physicochemical properties. The book details the synthesis methodologies and applications of nanocomposites and nanocoatings, aligning with the contemporary needs of the industrial world. It reveals the fundamentals of nanotechnology while also offering a panoramic view of recent technological advances backed by experiments, validations, and industrial paradigms. The book navigates through the bioinspired synthesis of nanocomposites, their photocatalytic applications, and their role in active packaging, biosensors, and persistent pollutants remediation. From triobiological applications to the synthesis of bio-nanocoating, the book spans an array of subjects, each chapter revealing the potential applications of nanotechnology and nanocoatings in diverse fields. It highlights the ethical and environmental implications of this burgeoning technology, making it a crucial resource for students, researchers, academicians, and industry professionals.