This volume contains contributed papers authored by participants of a Conference on Differential Equations and Dynamical Systems which was held at the Instituto Superior Tecnico (Lisbon, Portugal). The conference brought together a large number of specialists in the area of differential equations and dynamical systems and provided an opportunity to celebrate Professor Waldyr Oliva's 70th birthday, honoring his fundamental contributions to the field. The volume constitutes an overview of the current research over a wide range of topics, extending from qualitative theory for (ordinary, partial or functional) differential equations to hyperbolic dynamics and ergodic theory.