This book, "Minnesota trees and shrubs an illustrated manual of the native and cultivated woody plants of the state. 9", by Frederic E. Clements, is a replication of a book originally published before 1912. It has been restored by human beings, page by page, so that you may enjoy it in a form as close to the original as possible. This book was created using print-on-demand technology. Thank you for supporting classic literature.