World-renowned marine researcher and professor at the University of Miami for nearly 40 years, Frank J. Millero presents a time-tested, user-friendly resource that incorporates significant findings and valuable data on the properties of oceans. This data is derived from large-scale oceanographic programs and experiments conducted in recent years. The third edition discusses the interactions of metals with organic and inorganic ligands and the effect of metals speciation on bioavailability and toxicity. It also examines carbonate systems and the input of fossil fuel CO 2 into the ocean and its impact on ocean pH worldwide.