The routine examination is the central activity of an optometrist's work. From the exam can lead all manner of supplementary tests and decisions for patient management. Undergraduate students, students and pre-registration optometrists will find this textbook invaluable when preparing for the British College of Optometrists' professional qualifying examinations. Established and experienced optometrists will be able to use it to review their own routine and revise their approach to patient handling. The new edition has been updated and largely rewritten, particularly Part 1, and almost 40 new case histories, covering a wider range of conditions, have been added. New revision questions have been added, and there are two new appendices and many more references. A practical, clinical approach is maintained throughout.