Pneumonia is the leading cause of death due to infectious disease. This issue of Infectious Disease Clinics, guest edited by Tom File, focuses on the controversies and questions surrounding community-acquired pneumonia, including the potential benefits of identifying biomarkers for management of CAP (which could someday become a part of routine diagnostic testing for CAP), the best therapies for influenza/viral causes of pneumonia (the most common form of the disease in children), and clinical scoring tools to help predict long term outcomes. The issue also discusses how to approach MRSA as a cause of CAP and how to approach the non-responding patient.