This book synthesizes for the first time ever the information from various Soviet archives (military, governmental, economic, public, etc.) about the creation and development of chemical weapons in the Soviet Union, and provides data about the wide-ranging and secret preparation of USSR for an offensive chemical warfare against a potential enemy. Additionally, the book offers a general analysis about the influence of chemical warfare on the environment. The book is intended for scientists, military experts, chemical and medical specialists, environmental activists and a wide range of readers with an interest in chemical warfare and chemical safety.