The church, castle and timber-framed house are still considered the paragons of architectural monuments. However, what about large housing estates, shopping centers, or campus universities? For over two decades, monument preservation throughout Europe has been focusing increasingly on buildings from the years between 1960 and 1980. Even so, they remain a difficult heritage: often too big, difficult to use, and in a poor condition. Consequently, the architecture of a whole generation is at risk of disappearing before society has become aware of its potential historical or artistic significance. What values and perceptions are associated with the architecture of the late modern era? On what grounds and with which inventory strategies do buildings from that era succeed in becoming listed? This volume addresses these questions for the first time with an interdisciplinary perspective and a European comparison. A collection of case studies supplements the insight into the monument and heritage debate about the late modern era.