Eye tracking has become a fundamental and compelling research method in the investigation of human behaviour and cognition, including the investigation of the translation process and the examination of its products. This book brings together all of eye tracking studies in relation to translation studies. It examines the underlying assumptions, concepts, and measures, all of which are then linked to the established body of eye tracking research found in cognitive science, psychology, psycholinguistics, and human-computer interaction. It then elucidates how these often disconnected avenues of research inform the fundamental structure of our investigations of translation as a process and the examination of translation products themselves. Finally, it provides a critical perspective of this body of research in discussing methodological considerations and the future directions of eye tracking research in translation studies. In doing so it encourages new thinking about research in translation studies, highlights the immense potential of eye tracking to answer the unresolved and unarticulated questions of the discipline, and shapes its future directions.