This volume brings together 28 essays especially written by international lawyers based in or associated with the Netherlands and Belgium to honour Professor Paul de Waart on his retirement from the Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam. The topics considered are clustered around the main foci of the research interests of Paul de Waart, including: economic law and development, human rights, international criminal jurisdiction, the United Nations and peace and security, the protection of cultural property and the environment, and international dispute settlement. The international law communities in the Low Countires are linked through many bonds such as language (Dutch and Flemish), legal history, common teachers and frequent inter-university contacts. As such this text may be viewed as a reflection of international law studies as they are practised in these two countries in the late 20th century.