This collection of essays by film scholars, art historians, historians, political scientists, philosophers, Indonesian human rights activists and creative writers look at Joshua Oppenheimer's diptych The Act of Killing and The Look of Silence as a cinematic event that opens up a host of interrelated questions on historical memory, truth and reconciliation, and the limits of documentary filmmaking.

Featuring a new interview with Joshua Oppenheimer himself, On the Act of Looking affirms Oppenheimer's use of fiction and manipulation as a technique to expose, contrary to the classic documentary form, not so much a reality behind the appearance of things, but how appearance as such can become a site of intervention, or truth-telling. The collection answers, from multiple perspectives, why the film not only has received near universal praise and admiration but also why this praise is often qualified by surprise and fascination.