The Mongol invasions of Eurasia in the 13th century re-shaped the political map of Asia, opened up economic exchange and triggered unprecedented religious transformations in the territories they conquered. However, when the Mongols left their homeland and settled in the Middle East, they brought with them not only their wives, daughters and concubines but also their particular idea of women's role in society into the Islamic world. This book offers the first in-depth study of the history of these women in the Mongol empire by looking at the role they played in the political, economic and religious landscape of medieval Iran.