This senior- to graduate-level text provides a comprehensive introduction to applied systems analysis, emphasizing engineering economics and operations research from the engineer's point of view. It incorporates techniques and concepts most often used in practice to help students and practitioners apply systems analysis successfully and productively. The topics of optimization and evaluation are discussed with a special focus on formulating problems correctly, determining the proper analysis method to use, translating the mathematical results into improved design, and identifying optimal strategies in long-term projects.