1914. From the Preface: The title of this book is intended to be fairly descriptive of it. It treats ethics as a science, which if not wholly independent of metaphysical considerations-and of not science can that be said-is sufficiently independent to permit of separate positive treatment. And under the broad license of an introduction it presents not only an outline of the science as we find it today, but some account of the past which has made it what it is. Part I contains brief chapters upon the scope and methods of the science and upon one metaphysical topic (the freedom of the will) which cannot well be passed over in silence. Part II is a review of the principal Greek and English ethical theories.