During the period of 1920-1930, British Protestant and American missionaries engaged in many cultural activities in China, which in many ways, helped to promote China's modernization and development as a nation. In this thought-provoking study, Cui examines the missions' contributions to Chinese medical services, educational systems, and social reform, including the missionaries' influence on Chinese women's emancipation through missionary work. In making this assessment of the positive cultural achievements of the Protestant missionaries and their unique role in promoting China's progress and modernization, the author contradicts many traditional accounts by Chinese scholars. Recommended for all scholars of Chinese and East Asian history.