TECHNICAL AKT 5ERIE5. He wrought a work upon the wheels, and the vessel that he made of clay was marred in the hands of the Potter so he made it again another vessel, as seemed good to the Potter to make it JEREMIAH. rTERY, FOR ARTISTS CRAFTSMEN TEACHERS GEORGE J-COX IN5TRUcTORj-poTrtiar MODELLING - AT TEACHER5CDLLECE-COLOMB1A UNIVERSITY ILLUSTKOTED V AUTHOIL M6CD YOIIK THEMACMILLAN COMPANY LONDON MACMILLAN 1942 COPYBIGHT, 1914, BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. All rights reserved no part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief passages in connection with a review written for inclusion in magazine or newspaper. Set up and electrotyped Published November, 1914. PAINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA O Master, pardon me, if yet in vain Thou art my Master, and I fail to bring Before mens eyes the image of the thing My heart is filled with. WILLIAM MORRIS. t EXPLANATION IN such a spacious craft as Pottery it is difficult to steer a fair course between the empirical and the scientific. With that in mind this book sets out to tell in simple terms some of the processes of Potting, practicable to the student and to the more finished craftsman. It is an intricate task to combine successfully the view-points of the artist and the scientist but it seems that, without neglecting the many benefits bestowed by the advance of science, the Potter should stand with the former. The best in his craft has been produced by men that were artists rather than chemists. And what has been accom plished by loving, patient craftsmanship may surely be done again only in such ways. To the artist craftsman, for whom chieflythis book is intended, a little scientific knowledge is a dangerous thing for that reason no great stress is laid on formulas and analysis. Unless thoroughly understood they are a hindrance rather than an aid. Although many schools teach elementary pottery, the expense of equipment possibly delays its intro duction on a larger scale. For that reason I have preferred to err on the side of over-exactness of description and profuseness of illustration. vii Vlll The slight historical review and introductory re marks are to be excused on the ground that they are intended to help to a study of the best work of the best periods, and so to foster a taste for the finest Ceramics. This is a vital matter when lay ing the foundations of a craft so fascinating and so full of alluring avenues to beckon the student from the true path. To the scientific critic I would offer a hundred books with a thousand different compounds amongst none of them will he find how to make a Sung bowl or a Rakka drug pot. This book will achieve its purpose if it sets one or two sincere students to the making of some of the many beautiful objects of utility and art with which the craft abounds. Then it will have done some thing, if never so little, to accelerate the arrival of that time when the artist will come once more into his own in the most ancient and noble of Crafts. Some of the many books consulted, to which I am indebted, are given at the end of the book. Among friends my thanks are especially due to Richard Lunn, Esq., of the Royal College of Art, London, and to Professor Arthur Wesley Dow of Teachers College, Columbia University, for my introduction to and opportunity of further study of the Craft to which Isubscribe myself an humble devotee. G. J. C. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE EXPLANATION vii CHAPTBB I. HISTORICAL SUMMARY 1 II. CLAYS AND PASTES 19 III. BTJILT SHAPES 6 IV. MOULDING, CASTING, AND PRESSING ... 34 V. JIGGER AND JOLLEY WORK 51 VI. THROWN SHAPES 59 VII. TURNING OR SHAVING 73 VHL TILE-MAKING 80 IX. DRYING FINISHING 89 X. FIRING BISCUIT 93 XI. GLOST FIRING 107 XII. GLAZES AND LUSTRES 117 XIII. DECORATION 129 XIV. FIGURINES 141 XV. KILNS 151 XVI. THE EDUCATIONAL VALUE or POTTERY . . .170 APPENDIX I. EQUIPMENT FOR A SMALL POTTERY OR A SCHOOL 177 APPENDIX II...